Flat washers are typically thin pieces of various shapes that are used to reduce friction, prevent leaks, isolate, and prevent loosening or dispersing pressure. These components are found in many materials and structures and are used to perform a variety of similar functions. Due to the material and process limitations of threaded fasteners, the supporting surface of bolts and other fasteners is not large, so in order to reduce the compressive stress of the bearing surface to protect the surface of the connected part, it uses washers.
Flat washers are typically thin pieces of various shapes that are used to reduce friction, prevent leaks, isolate, and prevent loosening or dispersing pressure. These components are found in many materials and structures and are used to perform a variety of similar functions. Due to the material and process limitations of threaded fasteners, the supporting surface of bolts and other fasteners is not large, so in order to reduce the compressive stress of the bearing surface to protect the surface of the connected part, it uses washers. In order to prevent the loosening of the connection pair, anti-loose spring washer, multi-tooth lock washer, round nut stop washer and saddle shape, wave shape and conical elastic washer are used. Flat washer is mainly used to reduce the pressure, when some parts tighten the axial force is very large, easy to make the washer pressed into a disc, then can be used to change the material and improve the hardness to solve.
The locking effect of the spring washer is general, and the important parts are used as little as possible or not, and the self-locking structure is used. For the spring washer used for high-speed tightening (pneumatic or electric), it is best to use the surface phosphating washer to improve its wear reduction performance, otherwise it is easy to burn out or open the mouth due to friction and heat, and even damage the surface of the connected part. For thin plate joints, the spring washer structure should not be used. According to statistics, spring washers are being used less and less in cars. The connecting tooth shape of the toothed elastic washer is used more in the automotive industry because of the large and uniform locking force, while the spacing tooth type is less. For spring washers and elastic washers, according to the national standard, 60, 70 steel and 65Mn steel in GB699-1999 "high-quality carbon structural steel" can be generally selected.
